trade diversion การใช้

• He's right, in theory, to worry about the costs of trade diversion.
• But in practice the costs of such trade diversion are minor.
• Safeguard measures are precisely designed to respond to trade diversion,
• The'trade diversion'controversy subsided when Washington managed to convince the Australian cabinet to drop the plan.
• Nonetheless, NAFTA has not produced trade diversion.
• Opposite to economically efficient trade creation effect, the trade diversion flow is cost-inefficient compared with the rest of the world.
• The skeptics are also influenced by new research examining the risk that productivity-sapping trade diversion will outweigh productivity-enhancing trade creation.
• Two major examples of this trade diversion are Australian exports of petroleum and crude oil and of alumina and aluminium products,
• Formulation of economic integration theory has been initiated by Jacob Viner who described trade creation and trade diversion effects caused by economic integration.
• For that reason, the Bush administration's tariffs were unwarranted, he said, because " there is no trade diversion to the U . S ."
• In the spring of 1936, Canada paid the price for its poor reputation in Canberra when Australia unveiled its new " trade diversion policy ".
• "There is no trade diversion to Mexico, " said Ron Sorini, senior vice president for international development and government relations at Fruit of the Loom.
• Viner is further known for having added the terms " trade creation " and " trade diversion " to the canon of economics in 1950.
• Positive effects of trade diversion include increase of trade between unified states, increase of employment in manufacturing states inside the union consequently leading to increase of respective taxes and welfare.
• Economic theory suggests that bilateral agreements like the FTA will lead to trade creation between the parties directly involved, but will also cause trade diversion from third countries, offsetting any benefits.
• Balance between trade creation and trade diversion effects due to the creation of economic union makes the union either economically efficient ( positive balance ) or inefficient ( negative balance ).
• According to his biographical note he was'instrumental in ensuring the adoption of the controversial biotechnology patenting directive in 1998; and he conceived the 2003 Regulation on tiered pricing / trade diversion .'
• "While Australian exports of prawns to the United States are not substantial, the U . S . restrictions could have a significant trade diversion effect in our major markets, " he said.
• International Trade Minister Pierre Pettigrew said, " and if significant trade diversion or unfair trade practices are detected, the government will act in accordance with its multilateral and regional trade agreement obligations ."
• The findings suggest an increase in intraregional trade that is largely the result of trade diversion, not trade creation, with some aggregate welfare benefits in Kenya and Tanzania but welfare losses in Uganda.